Cochineal

Cochineal is derived from the dried female cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus), which feeds on cacti in Peru, Mexico, and the Canary Islands. The insects are harvested by hand and dried under sunlight or gentle heat to preserve the carminic acid, the pigment responsible for the deep red color.

To produce carmine, carminic acid is extracted from the dried insects using water and mild acids and then purified and precipitated with aluminum or calcium salts to create a stable red powder. Carmine is known for its excellent heat and light resistance and retains its vivid color across a broad pH range, especially in neutral or slightly acidic conditions. Thanks to careful purification, it meets global safety standards for food use.